Marketing

introduction: 

The reason of choosing this topic is the major importance of marketing for the individuals and whole society.

What is Marketing?

Marketing is a social and managerial process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and values with others.

            Marketing Functions: 

 

 1- Environmental analysis and marketing research: Monitoring external factors that affect success or failure, and collecting data to resolve specific marketing issues. 

2- Marketing management: Planning, implementing, and controlling the

marketing program, considering the risks and benefits in decision making.

3- Broadening an organization's/individual's marketing scope: Deciding on the emphasis on societal issues and international marketing.

4- Consumer analysis: Evaluating  consumer characteristics, needs, and picking the groups of consumers at which to aim marketing efforts. 

5- Product planning: Developing and maintaining products, product assortment, brands, packaging, and optional features.

6- Distribution planning: Physical distribution, inventory management, transportations, wholesaling, and retailing.

7- Promotion planning: Communicating with customers, the general public, and others through advertising, public relation, personal selling, and sales promotion.

8- Price planning: Determining price levels and ranges, pricing techniques, terms of purchase, and price adjustments.

- Marketing Mix:

- "Is a general phrase used to describe the different kinds of choices organizations have to make in the whole process of bringing a product or service to market.

- The 4 Ps is one way – probably the best-known way – of defining the marketing mix, and was first expressed in 1960 by E J McCarthy".

- The 4Ps are:

•Product (or Service)

•Price

•Place (distribution)

•Promotion

 

1- Product: A product is seen as an item that satisfies what a consumer needs or wants. It is a tangible good or an intangible service.

2- Price: The price is the amount a customer pays for the product. The marketer should set a price that complements the other elements of the marketing mix.

3- Place (Distribution): Distribution is about providing the products at a place which is convenient for consumers to access.

 4- Promotion: promotion represents the various aspects of marketing communication, that is, the communication of information about the product with the goal of generating a positive customer response.

 

Conclusion

- In conclusion marketing is considered to be one of the most significant topics in the economic society.

-One must understand the core and strategies and planning to reach a successful communication.

- I recommend that the sultanate make very strategic plans when it comes to marketing.

References:

1- Adcock, Dennis , Marketing strategies for competitive advantage, 1st  ed, (England, john wiley & sons, LTD, 2000).

2- Armsrtong, Gary. And Kotler, Philip. Marketing-An Introduction, sixth edition,(New Jersey, Pearson Education, 2003).

3- http://www.learnmarketing.net/positioning.htm., June 14, 2011. 

4- http://www.netmba.com/marketing/mix/., May 09, 2012.

 5- http://www.oup.com/uk/orc/bin/9780199290437/baines_ch06.pdf., October 04, 2009.